GENTAMYCIN SULPHATE
Dosage form Ampoules, 40 mg/ml -2 ml
Uses Indications: Gentamycin sulphate is indicated in all infections of bacteria being sensitive against Gentamycin. Further is antibiotic of choice in severe ..I infections of unknown bacteria. The range of indication includes urinary tract ; infections like pyelonephritis, cystitis, prostatitis, pyelitis and ureitis; severe infections of all organ systems, burns with secondary infections, infections of the eye bacteries with imminent ophtalmia, bronchopneumonia, bronchitis and pulmonary abscess, meningitis, sepsis and sepsis in new-born especially in peritonitis caused by proteus vulgaris, rettgeri and morganil, echerichincoli and coliform bacteria, in hospitalism Gentamycin sulphate is a very effective agent. Treatment of a suspected gram-negative sepsis should be initiated by application of Gentamycin sulphate together with another antibiotic of Penicillin type, but each separately. Only after bacteriological examination it should be determined whether therapy of Gentamycin sulphate should be continued.
Properties: Gentamycin sulphate is distinguished by a more effective activity than Streptomycin, Neomycin or Kanamycin. Action of Gentamycin sulphate is due to its bactericidal properties against a large number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteries. Contraty to other antibiotics Gentamycin sulphate is most effective against organisms like Klebsiella, Serratia, Proteus and Pseudomonas. Resistance is developed only slowly and stepwise. Gentamycin sulphate is poorly absorbed from gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it has to be administered parenterally. It is excreted unchanged by kidney.
Administration Generally 400-800 units (0.4-0.8 mg) Gentamycin per kg bodyweight should be injected each 8 hours by intramuscular or intravenous injection. In severe infections up to 5,000 units (5 mg) daily in divided doses. Children usually 3,000-5,000 units (3-5 mg) per kg daily administered in several single doses; new-born and infants could be given 6,000-7,500 units (6-7.5 mg) per kg bodyweight daily in divided doses. Course of treatment with Gentamycin suIphate should be max. 7 days. As Gentamycin sulphate is widely distributed in renal tissue, and excreted in urine, urinary tract infections could be treated by low doses (160 mg daily).
Attention has to be paid for sufficient fluid intake of at least 2.5 1 daily and for adequate diuresis. Infections of eye has to be treated by subconjunctival or intraocular injection of Gentamycin sulphate. If applied subconjunctivally 1020 mg has to be injected into the subconjunctival sac undiluted dissolved in equivalent value of isotonic saline.
Observe
Side-effects: Adequately dosed, Gentamycin sulphate is usually well tolerated. Allergic reactions have been reported rarely. Following side effects may occasionally occur: renal damages, impaired hearing, disturbances of vestibular function, neuromuscular blockade, paraesthesia and pain of muscles. Patients with renal disturbances are very sensitive against ototoxicity.
Contra indications: Gentamycin sulphate is not indicated in pregnancy, previous damage of vestibular or cuochlear system, severe disturbances of cardiogenic or nephrogenic excretion, and hypersensitivity to Gentamycin sulphate.
Remarks: In contemporary application of Cephalosporines enhances nephrotoxicity. Concomitant administration of Etacrynic acid and Furosemide enhances oto- and nephrotoxicity; neuromuscular blockade will be increased by simultaneous application of Cyclopropane, Halothane, Methoxyflurane, drugs acting like Curare and Succinylcholinchloride.
Storage Store in a cool and dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children. |
